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1901 |
. |
Births
Walt Disney (cartoonist)
Clark Gable (actor)
Linus Pauling (Nobel Laureate)
Gary Cooper (actor)
Emperor Hirohito of Japan
Margaret Mead (anthropologist)
Marlene Dietrich (actress)
Enrico Fermi (physicist)
Louis "Great Satchmo" Armstrong
Fulgencio Batista (Cuban dictator)
Politics and Personalities
Booker T. Washington invited to
dine at the White House
J.P. Morgan buys out Andrew Carnegie
and forms U.S. Steel Corp.
Teetotaler Carry Nation wreaks
havoc in Topeka, Kansas
Oklahoma land rush begins
after lottery is completed
National Association of Professional Baseball Leagues founded in Chicago
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Deaths
Queen Victoria of England
Guiseppe Verdi (opera composer)
Philip Armour (U.S. beef trust)
Benjamin Harrison (U.S. President)
Henri Toulouse-Latrec (painter)
Pierre Lorillard IV (tuxedo inventor)
Arts and Sciences
Nobel Prizes are first awarded
Guglielmo Marconi transmits the first wireless message across the Atlantic from Newfoundland to Cornwall in Great Britain
Pablo Picasso debuts his work at Vollard's gallery in Paris
Wassily Kandinsky debuts
his paintings in Munich
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Industry and Commerce
King Gillette markets the first safety razor
Del Monte canned foods first marketed
Victor Talking Machine Company incorporated; it eventually became RCA Victor in 1917
Beaumont Field in Texas drilled for oil,
yielding Spindletop Gusher
Gottlieb Diamler makes his first car, naming it after the Austrian Consul General in Nice's daughter, Mercedes Jellinek
Ransom E. Olds first markets the Oldsmobile
The Cadillac Automobile Company is founded; named after 18th Century French explorer Antoine de la Mothe Cadillac
The Eastman Kodak Company is incorporated
William S. Paley founds the CBS Network
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International Events
Corporal punishment banned by French army and navy
King Edward VII is crowned in Westminster Abbey
First Australian Parliament meets in Melbourne, with Sydney, Earl of Hopetoun sworn in as the first
Governor General of the
Federated Australian Colonies
Boxer Rebellion in China crushed
Boer War begins with
conflict at Vlakfontein
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| . |
1902 |
. |
Births
Charles Lindbergh (aviator)
Ray Kroc (founder McDonald's)
Strom Thurmond (U.S. Senator)
Ansel Adams (photographer)
Marian Anderson
(first black soprano to sing at NY Met)
David O. Selznick (movies)
Darryl F. Zanuck (movies)
Ed Sullivan (TV Host)
Saudi King Ibn Saud
Leni Riefenstahl (director)
John Steinbeck (writer)
Bobby Jones (golfer)
Guy Lombardo (bandleader)
Politics and Personalities
Cuba becomes an independent nation
Buster Brown comic debuts on
The New York Herald
Michigan beats Stanford in the first
Tournament of Roses Football Game
(The Rose Bowl)
At Madison Square Garden the first professional indoor football game was played
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Deaths
Frederich Krupp
(German industrialist)
Thomas Nast (cartoonist)
Cecil John Rhodes (DeBeers founder, Rhodes Scholarship)
Emile Zola (writer)
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
(U.S. sufragette)
Charles Lewis Tiffany (jeweler)
Arts and Sciences
Auguste Rodin's sculpture of Honore de Balzac is exhibited in Paris
Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's
The Hound of the Baskervilles
is published
Pomp and Circumstance debuts; becomes perennial graduation march
After 300 years, paintings by master
El Greco exhibited in
Madrid's Prado Museum
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Industry and Commerce
Pepsi Cola first sold
Animal Crackers first marketed
First Teddy Bear marketed
Colgate begins marketing
Ribbon Dental Creme
Popular Mechanics magazine first published
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International Events
Earthquake in Mexico City kills 300
First undersea telephone cable linking
Hawaii and the US mainland is laid
Berlin subway is inaugurated
Alaskan Gold Rush begins
Aswan Dam in Egypt begins operation
Measles epidemic rages
amongst Arctic coast natives
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| . |
1903 |
. |
Births
Randolph Scott (actor)
Edgar Bergen (ventiloquist)
Lawrence Welk (bandleader)
Bob Hope (comedian)
Red Grange (football)
Lou Gehrig (baseball)
George Orwell (writer)
King Olaf V of Norway
Politics and Personalities
"Typhoid Mary" spreads the disease
to over 100,000 people
Stonemason Benito Mussolini arrested in Bern, Switzerland, for socialist affiliations
Boston Red Sox win the first
baseball "World Series"
Samuel Maherero begins guerilla war in Southwest German Africa
Iriqouis Theatre fire in Chicago kills over 550
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Deaths
Paul Gaugin (painter)
British Prime Minister Lord Salisbury
James Whistler (painter)
Camille Pisarro (painter)
Francis Marion Drake
(Duke University)
Martha Canary (Calamity Jane)
Richard Jordan Gatling
(machine gun inventor)
Pope Leo XIII (25 year pontificate)
Arts and Sciences
Tenor Enrico Caruso makes his U.S. debut in Rigoletto at the NY Met
Pierre Curie discovers Polonium
Nobel Prize in Chemistry awarded to the Curies and Henri Becquerel
Jack London publishes
The Call of the Wild
W.E.B. DuBois publishes
The Souls of Black Folk
George Bernard Shaw publishes
Man and Superman
Victor Herbert’s operetta
Babes in Toyland premieres
Henri Matisse debuts his paintings in Paris' Salon des Independants
The first "movie"
The Great Train Robbery released
The stage version of Peter Pan debuts in New York City
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Industry and Commerce
Henry Ford incorporates the
Ford Motor Company in Detroit, Michigan
Porcelain is first used for filling teeth cavities
Ivory soap first marketed
Milton Hershey first markets
his famous candy bar
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International Events
The Williamsburg Bridge re-opens in NYC after devastating fire
Niagara Falls goes dry
New York Stock Exchange new residence opens at corner of
Wall and Broad Streets
Wright Brothers fly their
gasoline powered "Flyer I"
Tour de France bicycle race
is inaugurated
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| . |
1904 |
. |
Births
Dr. Seuss (Theodore Geisel)
Bing Crosby (singer)
Peter Lorre (actor)
J. Robert Oppenheimer (atom bomb)
George Kennan (US Cold War diplomat)
Reinhard Heydrich (Nazi final solution)
Salvadore Dali (surrealist painter)
Fats Waller (pianist)
George Balanchine (dancer)
Johnny Weissmuller (Tarzan)
Max Factor (cosmetics mogul)
Vladimir Horowitz (pianist)
Sir John Gielgud (actor)
Cary Grant (actor)
Jimmy Dorsey (bandleader)
Glenn Miller (bandleader)
Pablo Neruda (Nobel Laureate)
Isaac Bashevis Singer (Nobel Laureate)
Renee Lacoste (tennis apparel)
Sir Frederick Ashton (British Royal Ballet)
Graham Greene (author)
Politics and Personalities
Russo-Japanese War begins
Baseball pitcher Cy Young throws
the first "perfect game"
Kaiser Wilhem II makes first political recording on Edison cylinder
Barcelonian anarchists attempt
assassination of Spanish King Alfonso
Helen Keller graduates
from Radcliffe with honors
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Deaths
Mark Hanna (political boss)
Queen Isabella of Spain
Anton Dvorak (composer)
Henry Morton Stanley
(found Dr. Livingston)
Theodor Hezl (Zionist)
Anton Chekhov (writer)
Frederic-Auguste Bartholdi
(sculptor, Statue of Liberty)
Arts and Sciences
Jack London publishes
The Sea Hunt
The first Bobbsey Twins
books is published
Henri Matisse exhibits paintings at Gallerie Vollard in Paris
Puccini's Madam Butterfly
premieres in Milan, Italy
Ivan Pavlov wins Nobel Prize in Physiology for developing
conditioned response theory
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Industry and Commerce
Northern Securities Company dissolved
by the Supreme Court
The New York City subway begins operating
Hard D. Weed granted
patent for grip-tread tire chain
Mounted police begin service
in New York City
Three wheeled motorcycles
first marketed in Paris
Trans-Siberian Railway completed in Russia
Times Square Building is opened
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International Events
Dr. William C. Gorgas eradicates
yellow fever in Panama
Olympic Games open in St. Louis
British slaughter hundreds of Tibetans; Dalai Lama flees
Entente Cordiale established between England and France
New York Polo Grounds open
St. Louis World's Fair opens
Russian Governor General of Finland,
General Bobrikov, is assassinated
Excursion steamer General Slocum sinks in NY harbor; over 1,000 drown
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| . |
1905 |
. |
Births
Howard Hughes (recluse billionaire)
Henry Fonda (actor)
Jean-Paul Sartre (Nobel Laureate)
Ayn Rand (author)
Lon Chaney Jr. (author)
Greta Garbo (actress)
Robert Penn Warren (U.S. Poet Laureate)
Tommy Dorsey (bandleader)
Christian Dior (fashion designer)
Max Schmeling (boxer)
Politics and Personalities
Beef Trust is dissolved
by the Supreme Court
Football abolished at Columbia University; President Roosevelt intervenes and forms IAAUS, later renamed NCAA
Baseball bad boy Ty Cobb
makes his professional debut
The Intercollegiate Athletic Association of the United States (IAAUS)
is formed at the urging of
President Theodore Roosevelt;
they subsequently changed their name to NCAA in 1910.
Belmont Park racetrack opens
on Long Island, New York
Commander Peary
leaves for the North Pole
Rockefeller Foundation is founded
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Deaths
Jules Verne (writer)
Maurice Barrymore (actor)
Meyer Guggenheim (steel)
Lew Wallace (author, Ben Hur)
Russian Grand Duke Sergei
is assassinated
Alphonse de Rothschild (banker)
John Hay (U.S. Sec. of State)
Henry Irving (author)
Arts and Sciences
Albert Einstein publishes
Special Theory of Relativity
Dr. Robert Koch of Germany identifies tuberculosis bacillus; awarded Nobel Prize
Pablo Picasso begins
his "Pink Period"
Mata Hari debuts in Paris
Autumn Festival in Paris showcases Fauve paintings by Henri Matisse,
George Braque, and others
Roald Amundsen of Norway
reaches magnetic North Pole
I.Q. tests are first developed
Baroness Orczy publishes
The Scarlet Pimpernel
George Santayana publishes
The Life of Reason
Alfred Stieglitz opens
photo gallery in New York
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Industry and Commerce
The Bethlehem Steel Company founded by Charles M. Schwab
Industrial Workers of the World
forms in Chicago
The first "Nickelodeon Theatre"
opens in Pittsburgh
Rotary Club founded in Chicago
by Paul Harris
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International Events
Norway becomes sovereign from Swedish political control
France officially separates the Church and State
Baku oil fields in flames
Canada forms the provinces of Saskatchewan and Alberta
Bloody Sunday riots in Russia
200,000 Russian soldiers die facing Japanese advance in Manchuria
Paris Subway opens
Mutiny on the Russian
Battleship Potemkin
Tsar Nicholas II creates the Duma
Leon Trotsky begins arming
St. Petersburg Soviet for impending Russian Revolution
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| . |
1906 |
. |
Births
Aristotle Onassis (industrialist)
Samuel Beckett (playwright)
Billy Wilder (director)
Josephine Baker (dancer)
John Huston (director)
Henny Youngman (comedian)
Lou Costello (actor)
Satchel Paige (baseball)
Leonid Brezhnev (Soviet premier)
Clyde Tombaugh (discovered Pluto)
Joan Crawford (actress)
Clifford Odets (dramatist)
Dimitri Shostakovich (composer)
Otto Preminger (director)
Politics and Personalities
Panama Canal work begun
by U.S. Corps of Engineers
Luke Wright appointed first
U.S. Ambassador to Japan
San Francisco orders the segregation
of Asian schoolchildren
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Deaths
Marshall Field (merchant)
Danish King Christian IX
Susan B. Anthony
James Bailey (circus magnate)
Henrik Ibsen (playwright)
Stanford White (architect)
Joseph Glidden (barbed wire)
Paul Cezanne (painter)
Arts and Sciences
Howard Taylor Ricketts finds cause of disease that bears his name
Isadora Duncan prohibited to dance in public in Berlin
First patent for talking film granted to Eugene Lauste of Paris
Upton Sinclair publishes
The Jungle
Ruth St. Denis introduces
modern dance to the U.S.
Salzburg Mozart Festival debuts
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Industry and Commerce
Pure Food and Drug Act becomes law
R.C.A. Victor begins marketing
the Victrola for $200
Stock market crashes
Sonar for submarines invented
by Lewis Nixon of NY
Henry Ford takes 58.5% controlling share of Ford Motor Company
First U-Boat submarine launched in Germany
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International Events
Captain Alfred Dreyfus
vindicated in Paris
San Francisco earthquake
Mount Vesuvius erupts in Italy
Finland is first country to
extend universal suffrage
Britain launches the Dreadnought
CDQ is replaced by SOS as the
international distress call
German General Von Schlieffen retires; General von Moltke assumes supreme military command
Lord Balfour resigns as
British Prime Minister
Tehuantepec Isthmian Railroad opens in Mexico to rival Panama Canal
Study declares England rules over one fifth of the world
Tsar Nicholas II of Russia
opens Duma for the first time;
dissolves it two months later
Triple Alliance formed between Germany, Austria, and Italy
George Clemenceau named
French Premier
Russian communist leader
Leon Trotsky exiled to Siberia for life
Anarchists in Rome
bomb St. Peter's Cathedral
German Chancellor von Bulow dissolves Reichstag
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| . |
1907 |
. |
Births
John Wayne (actor)
Rachel Carson (author, Silent Spring)
James A. Michener (author)
Katharine Hepburn (actress)
Gene Autry (actor)
Cab Calloway (actor)
Faye Wray (King Kong)
U.S. Chief Justice Warren Burger
Margaret Bourke-White (photojournalist)
W.H. Auden (poet)
William J. Levitt (Levittown suburbs)
Barbara Stanwyck (actress)
Politics and Personalities
Oklahoma admitted as the 46th State
Senator Charles Curtis from Kansas is the first Native American to serve in Congress
Christmas Seals created by
Emily P. Bissell first offered by
the US Postal Service
Harry K. Thaw murder trial ends in mistrial
U.S. Women's Political Movement begins in New York
Great White Fleet begins around the world trip
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Deaths
Lord Kelvin (physicist)
Swedish King Oscar II
Arts and Sciences
Ziegfeld's Follies premieres
in New York City
First exhibition of Cubist art in Paris
Mary Cassatt debuts in the U.S. after 30 years in Paris
Rudyard Kipling awarded Nobel Prize
Mother Maria Montesorri opens nursery schools in Italy
Charles Dana Gibson debuts his "Gibson Girl"
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Industry and Commerce
R.J. Reynolds markets Prince Albert pipe tobacco in decorative tins
The first taxis in the U.S. arrive
in New York City from Paris
Gold Medal Flour is first marketed
Lumiere brothers in France develop color photography
Plaza Hotel opnes in New York
Ringling Brothers buy Barnum and Bailey Circus
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International Events
60 English sufragettes arrested after storming Parliament
Muhammad Ali assumes crown of Persian
Earthquake and fire in Jamaica kills hundreds
Finnish Diet is first national legislature with women members
Irish Sinn Fein proposes boycott of English goods
Norway grants universal suffrage
St. Lawrence River bridge in Quebec collapses killing 80
German army buys Count Zeppelin's dirigible
Mohandas K. Gandhi begins practice of civil disobedience in South Africa
Rules of war renewed at The Hague
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| . |
1908 |
. |
Births
Ian Fleming
(author, James Bond)
Milton Berle (comedian)
Sir Alistair Cooke (Masterpiece Theatre)
Mel Blanc
(Bugs Bunny's voice)
Bette Davis (actress)
Jimmy Stewart (actor)
Don Ameche (actor)
Edward Teller (hydrogen bomb)
Jane Bolin (first black woman graduate of Yale Law School, first black female judge)
Thurgood Marshall
(U.S. Supreme Court Justice)
Harry Blackmun
(U.S. Supreme Court Justice)
Salvador Allende
(Chilean leader)
Lyndon Baines Johnson
(U.S. President)
Claude Levi-Strauss
(anthropologist)
Politics and Personalities
New York City police deputize dogs for duty
North Carolina and Georgia become dry states; no liquor!
Jack Johnson wins heavyweight championship
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Deaths
Portugal's King Carlos and Crown Prince assassinated
Nicolai Rimsky-Korsakov
(composer)
Grover Cleveland
(U.S. President)
Joel Chandler Harris
(Uncle Remus author)
Nobel Laureate Henri Becquerel
(physicist)
Arts and Sciences
Scientists in San Francisco photograph Sun's corona
Chicago Cubs win World Series; haven't won since!
Arturo Toscanini debuts at the Metropolitan Opera House conducting Aida
Leo Baekeland invents Bakelite; more commonly known as plastic!
Heike Kammerlingh-Onnes discovers liquid helium
E.M. Forster publishes
A Room with a View
Kenneth Grahame publishes
The Wind in the Willows
The Gideons begin placing Bibles in hotel rooms
Dancer Isadora Duncan debuts in London and New York
The term "cubism" is coined by Henri Matisse
The Ashcan School of painting is founded in New York by Wm. Glackens and George Bellows
Monet paints "The Ducal Palace in Venice" now worth over $100 million
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Industry and Commerce
Subway linking Brooklyn and Manhattan opens in NYC
Yale University opens
Dept. of Business Methods
Cream of Wheat is first marketed in the US
Wright Brothers patent
their flying machine
Wright Brothers get contract from U.S. War Department to build planes for $25,000 each
Philadelphia subway opens
First Model-T from
Ford Motors with left side
steering marketed
U.S. Postal service purchases automobiles for Rural Free Delivery routes
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International Events
First International Congress of Psychoanalysis opens in Vienna
Herbert Asquith assumes
U.K. Prime Minister duties
Winston Churchill elected
to the House of Commons
Commander Peary leaves
Cape Breton for Sydney to begin
arctic voyage aboard
"The Roosevelt"
Young Turk uprising forces
Turkish Sultan Abdul Hamid II
to proclaim a consitution
Belgium formally annexes
the Congo
U.S. Great White Fleet
arrives in Sydney
Count Leo Tolstoy celebrates
his 80th Birthday
Thousands die due to
cholera outbreak in Russia
German Reichstag enacts
child labor laws
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